Overview
- The Democracy Monument is a public monument located in central Bangkok, Thailand.
- It commemorates the 1932 Siamese Revolution, which transitioned the country from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional one.
Design & Symbolism
- Commissioned in 1939 by military ruler Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram.
- Designed by architect Chitrasen Aphaiwong and sculptor Corrado Feroci (Silpa Bhirasi).
- Central structure holds a manuscript box representing the 1932 Constitution.
- Surrounded by four wing-like structures symbolizing the four branches of the armed forces.
- Relief sculptures depict the military as protectors and champions of democracy—though this portrayal is considered propagandistic.
Historical Context
- Despite its name, the monument was built under a military dictatorship and omits references to the monarchy.
- The 1932 coup was largely bloodless and led to Thailand’s first constitution, but not full democracy.
Political Significance
- Over time, the monument became a rallying point for democratic movements:
- 1973 student uprising
- 1976 protests
- 1992 Black May
- 2013–2014 political crisis
- 2020–2021 protests
MRT Station Development
- A new MRT station named Democracy Monument is under construction nearby.
- It will serve both the Purple and Orange Lines, with openings planned for 2027 and 2030 respectively.
- The station’s location has sparked concerns over its impact on historic buildings.
